IV. Kev Ntsuas Ib Nrab ntawm Cov Transformer Qhuav

1. Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Tawm Ib Nrab

Lub zog hluav taws xob hla qhov kev kuaj pom impedance Zm (uas yog, lub teeb liab kuaj pom) me me heev thiab yuav tsum tau amplified kom muab qhov qhia meej ntawm lub cuab yeej. Tus nqi siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub teeb liab pulse uas lub amplifier amplified tuaj yeem ntsuas los ntawm oscilloscope. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub oscilloscope kuj tseem tuaj yeem pom qhov theem ntawm qhov tso tawm tshwm sim hauv lub zog zaus, txiav txim siab lub zog pulse waveform thiab lub sijhawm tso tawm, thiab saib cov yam ntxwv ntawm tag nrho qhov tso tawm ib nrab. Txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov chaw kwv yees thiab qhov xwm txheej ntawm qhov tso tawm. Oscilloscopes tuaj yeem luam theej duab kab rov tav thiab elliptically. Kev luam theej duab kab rov tav yog ua tiav nrog kev hloov pauv puv npo sib npaug rau ib lub voj voog thiab sib dhos nrog lub zog kuaj kom txiav txim siab theem ntawm lub zog kuaj. Elliptical scanning kuj sib npaug rau ib lub voj voog ntawm lub zog kuaj ib lub voj voog sweep. DUAB 4-1 Daim duab kos duab ntawm lub zog waveform ntawm lub vijtsam ntawm ob hom kev luam theej duab.

DUAB 4-1

Hauv kev sim tso tawm ib feem, ntxiv rau kev rwb thaiv tsev, tej zaum yuav muaj kev tso tawm ib feem sab hauv, kev sib txuas ntawm cov hlau lead, kev sib cuag hluav taws xob thiab lub teeb fluorescent, lub corona electrode voltage siab, thiab lwm yam, kuj tseem yuav cuam tshuam rau lub waveform ntawm kev tso tawm ib feem. Vim li no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los paub qhov txawv ntawm lub waveform ntawm kev tso tawm ib feem thiab lwm yam kev cuam tshuam sab hauv rwb thaiv tsev. Daim duab 4-2 yog ntau lub waveforms ib txwm muaj.

Daim Duab 4-2

2. Kev Txheeb Xyuas Spectrum ntawm Kev Tso Tawm Ib Nrab

Daim Duab 4-3 qhia txog ntau hom kev tso tawm ib feem ntawm cov oscillograms, uas tau txais ze ntawm qhov hluav taws xob pib. Cov duab (a), (b), (c) thiab (d) yog cov qauv yooj yim ntawm kev tso tawm ib feem, thiab (e), (f) thiab (g) yog cov qauv yooj yim ntawm cov nthwv dej cuam tshuam.

Daim Duab 4-3

Hauv (a), tsuas muaj ib qho chaw sib txawv ntawm huab cua uas tig mus rau qhov kev taw qhia ntawm lub teb hluav taws xob hauv cov qauv rwb thaiv tsev, thiab lub zog tso tawm yog superimposed rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov ncov zoo thiab tsis zoo. Lub zog tso tawm amplitude thiab zaus ntawm ob sab ntawm qhov sib npaug yog qhov sib npaug. Tab sis qee zaum qhov siab dua thiab qis dua ntawm 3: 1 asymmetry tseem yog qhov qub. Kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev tso tawm thiab qhov hluav taws xob kuaj yog tias tom qab kev tso tawm thawj zaug, qhov kev tso tawm nce mus rau ib qib, thiab qhov kev tso tawm tseem tsis hloov pauv nrog kev nce ntawm qhov hluav taws xob kuaj. Lub zog tua hluav taws xob yog kwv yees li sib npaug lossis qis dua qhov hluav taws xob pib.

Hauv (b), cov qauv rwb thaiv tsev muaj cov qhov cua ntawm ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg, uas feem ntau yog cov qauv rwb thaiv tsev castable. Thaum lub suab tawm raug superimposed rau ntawm qhov chaw ua ntej qhov zoo thiab tsis zoo peaks, qhov amplitude thiab zaus ntawm ob sab ntawm lub suab symmetrical yog qhov sib npaug, tab sis qee zaum qhov asymmetry ntawm qhov siab thiab qis amplitude ntawm 3: 1 tseem yog qhov qub. Thaum pib ntawm kev tawm, lub suab tawm tuaj yeem daws tau, thiab tom qab ntawd lub zog hluav taws xob nce, qee lub suab tawm txav mus rau qhov kev taw qhia ntawm qhov ntsuas voltage xoom txoj haujlwm, tib lub sijhawm yuav muaj lub suab loj dua, kev daws teeb meem ntawm lub suab maj mam txo qis, kom txog thaum tsis tuaj yeem daws tau. Tom qab thawj zaug tawm, qhov tawm nce ntxiv nrog qhov nce ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob, thiab lub zog tua hluav taws xob yeej sib npaug lossis qis dua lub zog hluav taws xob pib.

Hauv (c), tsuas muaj ib qho qhov cua hauv cov qauv insulating. Qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm qhov cua ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub electrode txawv ntawm qhov hauv dielectric. Lub zog tawm tsam yog superimposed rau ntawm qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub zog, thiab qhov amplitude ntawm ob sab tsis sib xws, qhov zaus ntawm qhov loj amplitude yog qis, thiab qhov zaus ntawm qhov me me amplitude siab. Qhov piv feem ntau yog ntau dua 3: 1 thiab qee zaum 10: 1. Tag nrho cov lus teb tawm tsam tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv. Thaum qhov kev tawm tsam pib, qhov ntau ntawm kev tawm tsam yeej tsis hloov pauv thiab tsis muaj dab tsi ua rau qhov hluav taws xob nce siab. Qhov hluav taws xob tua hluav taws xob yog sib npaug lossis qis dua qhov hluav taws xob pib me ntsis.
 
Hauv (d), (1) ib pawg ntawm cov cua sib txawv ntawm qhov loj me sib txawv nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub electrode, tab sis lawv yog hom kaw; (2) Qhov sib txawv hluav taws xob ntawm lub electrode thiab cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev tsis kaw. Qhov sib piv ntawm ob sab feem ntau yog 3: 1 thiab qee zaum 10: 1 ua ntej lub zog tso tawm raug superimposed rau ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob. Thaum lub zog hluav taws xob nce, ib feem ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob txav mus rau qhov chaw xoom. Tom qab pib ntawm kev tso tawm, qhov kev daws teeb meem ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob yog qhov ncaj ncees. Khaws kom nce lub siab, thiab qhov kev daws teeb meem poob qis kom txog thaum nws tsis sib txawv. Tom qab thawj zaug tso tawm, tus huab tais tso tawm nce maj mam nrog qhov nce ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob, thiab lub zog tua hluav taws xob sib npaug lossis qis dua qhov pib hluav taws xob. Yog tias lub zog hluav taws xob kav ntev li 10 feeb, qhov kev teb tso tawm yuav hloov pauv me ntsis.

(e) Qhov chaw cuam tshuam yog cov kua nruab nrab ntawm lub koob thiab lub phaj tiaj lossis lub ntiaj teb. Corona tso tawm tshwm sim ntawm qhov hluav taws xob qis dua, thiab lub zog tso tawm yog superimposed rau ntawm qhov chaw siab tshaj plaws voltage. Xws li ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws tsis zoo. Lub zog tso tawm yog nyob rau ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm siab; Yog tias nyob rau hauv qhov siab tshaj plaws zoo qhov chaw lub zog muab hluav taws xob yog nyob rau ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm qis. Qhov no pab txiav txim siab qhov chaw xoom ntawm lub zog, thiab ib khub ntawm cov pulses tshwm sim symmetrically ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws voltage lossis tsis zoo, nrog rau qhov sib npaug rau txhua pawg ntawm cov pulses tso tawm. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov amplitude thiab lub sijhawm sib txawv ntawm ob pawg yog txawv, thiab pawg me me muaj tib lub amplitude thiab yog ntau dua. Lub pulse loj dua muaj qhov pib qis dua voltage thiab qhov tso tawm nce nrog qhov nce ntawm voltage. Lub zog pib ntawm ib pawg ntawm cov pulses me dua yog siab dua, thiab qhov ntau ntawm qhov tso tawm yog ywj pheej ntawm lub zog thiab tseem tsis hloov pauv. Raws li lub zog nce, qhov ceev ntawm lub zog nce, tab sis tseem sib txawv. Raws li lub zog nce, nws dhau los ua qhov tsis sib txawv.

(f) Lub taub hau koob tawm tsam lub nruab nrab roj av tiaj tus lossis hauv av. Corona discharge tshwm sim ntawm qhov hluav taws xob qis dua, thiab lub zog tso tawm yog superimposed rau ntawm qhov chaw siab tshaj plaws voltage. Xws li nyob rau hauv lub ncov tsis zoo, lub zog muab hluav taws xob yog nyob rau ntawm lub zog siab; Yog tias nws nyob ntawm lub ncov zoo, lub zog muab hluav taws xob yog nyob rau ntawm lub zog qis. Qhov no pab txiav txim siab xoom ntawm lub zog. Tom qab thawj zaug tso tawm, lub zog nce thiab qhov ntau ntawm kev tso tawm tseem tsis hloov pauv, tab sis qhov ceev ntawm lub zog kis mus rau ob sab thiab qhov zaus tso tawm nce, tab sis nws tseem tuaj yeem sib txawv. Thaum lub zog nce, qhov zaus tso tawm nce mus rau maj mam tsis sib txawv.

(g) Kev tso tawm hluav taws xob ntawm ob yam khoom hlau uas raug tso tawm hauv ib lub teb hluav taws xob, lossis ntawm ib yam khoom hlau thiab lub ntiaj teb.

Muaj ob hom waveform:

1. Cov sab zoo thiab sab tsis zoo muaj tib lub zog pulse, sib npaug zos thiab zaus;

2 Cov pulses ntawm ob sab tshwm sim ua khub, nrog tib qhov sib nrug ntawm ob khub, thiab qee zaum txav rov qab thiab tawm hla lub hauv paus.

Muaj peb hom kev tso tawm thawj zaug:

(1) Qhov ntau ntawm cov khoom tso tawm tseem tsis hloov pauv, tsis hais txog qhov hluav taws xob, thiab qhov hluav taws xob tua hluav taws xob yog sib npaug rau qhov hluav taws xob pib.

(2) Lub zog hluav taws xob txuas ntxiv nce, thiab ntawm qee qhov hluav taws xob, qhov kev tso tawm tam sim ntawd ploj mus. Thaum lub zog hluav taws xob txuas ntxiv nce thiab tom qab ntawd poob, nws yuav tso tawm dua ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob ploj mus yav dhau los.

(1) Nrog rau qhov nce ntawm qhov hluav taws xob, lub zog tso tawm maj mam txo qis, lub zog tso tawm nce ntxiv.